1797
Treaty of Campo Formio
Napoleon, unauthorized by Paris, signed the peace with Austria himself - dictating terms from Italian villas.
XYZ Affair
Three American envoys to Paris were approached by French agents (coded X, Y, and Z in dispatches) demanding bribes before negotiation could begin.
Haydn's Emperor's Hymn
Commissioned to give Austria an answer to the Marseillaise, Joseph Haydn composed 'Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser' - a melody so luminous it became, with new…
Spithead Mutiny
Royal Navy sailors at Spithead, underpaid for decades and underfed for years, refused to sail.
Battle of Camperdown
In the North Sea, Admiral Duncan's British fleet smashed the Dutch battle line off the Texel, capturing eleven ships.
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Frequently asked
What happened in the year 1797?
Saeculum lists 5 events from 1797. The most significant is Treaty of Campo Formio: Napoleon, unauthorized by Paris, signed the peace with Austria himself - dictating terms from Italian villas.
What era was 1797 part of?
1797 falls within the Enlightenment (1651-1800). Reason, revolution, and the first global wars.
Which regions saw notable events in 1797?
The events from 1797 span Europe and North America.