1709
Abraham Darby Smelts Iron with Coke
In the Severn Gorge at Coalbrookdale, a Quaker ironmaster replaced scarce charcoal with coke from local coal.
Battle of Poltava
On a Ukrainian plain, Peter the Great's reformed Russian army shattered Charles XII of Sweden in a single morning.
Battle of Malplaquet
Marlborough and Eugene won the bloodiest battle of the century, losing twenty-one thousand men to drive a French force from the field.
The Great Frost of 1709
The coldest winter in five hundred European years froze the Venetian lagoon, split oaks in Sweden, and killed half the olive trees of Provence.
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Frequently asked
What happened in the year 1709?
Saeculum lists 4 events from 1709. The most significant is Abraham Darby Smelts Iron with Coke: In the Severn Gorge at Coalbrookdale, a Quaker ironmaster replaced scarce charcoal with coke from local coal. The hearth flared and held.
What era was 1709 part of?
1709 falls within the Enlightenment (1651-1800). Reason, revolution, and the first global wars.
Which regions saw notable events in 1709?
The events from 1709 span Europe.