Pope John XXII declares poverty heresy formally

1321

In the bull Cum inter nonnullos, the Avignon pope condemned the Franciscan Spiritual position that Christ had owned nothing, overturning decades of papal tolerance for the radical poverty movement. The ruling split the Franciscan order and drove Michael of Cesena, William of Ockham, and Marsilius of Padua into the protection of the heretical emperor Louis IV.