Second Mongol invasion of Vietnam defeated

1285

A Yuan army under Prince Toghan pushed into Dai Viet and occupied the capital Thang Long, only to be worn down by Tran guerrilla tactics and tropical heat. General Tran Hung Dao counterattacked and drove the Mongols back in chaos across the border. Tran Hung Dao's military treatise, written for his officers, is the earliest surviving Vietnamese manual of guerrilla warfare and strategic defense.