Francis of Assisi formally approved
1223
Pope Honorius III confirmed the Regula Bullata, the definitive rule of the Franciscans. That Christmas, Francis staged the first living nativity scene in a cave at Greccio, with a real manger, ox, and donkey. The tableau spread across Europe. Within a generation the creche became one of the most beloved traditions of the Christian world, repeated in every village church at Advent.
In context
Also in 1223 (3 other events on record)
- Mongols rout Rus at the Kalka River · Europe · War
- Snorri Sturluson begins the Heimskringla · Europe · Culture
- Honorius III approves the Carmelite rule · Middle East · Religion
Before and after in Europe
Before and after in Religion
Era
High Middle Ages (1000–1300), one of 1,306 events from that era on Saeculum.
Sources