Anglo-Welsh war of Owain Gwynedd
1165
Henry II led an English army into north Wales to punish Owain Gwynedd's raids on the border. Caught in torrential rain on the Berwyn Mountains, Henry's army was forced to withdraw without fighting, and Owain maintained his independence for the rest of his reign. The failed campaign demonstrated that even the most powerful king in western Europe could be defeated by Welsh terrain, weather, and guerrilla resistance.
In context
Also in 1165 (3 other events on record)
- Pope Alexander III flees to France · Europe · Religion
- Prester John letter circulates · Europe · Culture
- Waldemar I pacifies the Baltic · Europe · War
Before and after in Europe
Before and after in War
Era
High Middle Ages (1000–1300), one of 1,306 events from that era on Saeculum.